A large-scale Russian missile and drone attack on Ukraine on Monday that killed at least five people and destroyed the country’s energy infrastructure cost Moscow an estimated $1.3 billion.

The nationwide attack, which involved more than 100 missiles and 100 drones, was described by Ukrainian officials as one of Russia’s largest since the start of its large-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

“Like most Russian attacks before it, this one was just as insidious and targeted critical civilian infrastructure,” Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said of the attack. “The energy sector has suffered significant damage, but reconstruction work is already underway in all areas affected by power outages.”

Russia has launched “a massive combined attack” on Ukraine “using various types of air, land and sea-based missiles,” said the commander of the Ukrainian Air Force, Lieutenant General Mykola Oleshuk, on Monday.

According to Oleschuk, Russia deployed 109 Shahed combat drones, 77 Kh-101 cruise missiles, three Kh-22 cruise missiles, 28 Kalibr submarine-launched cruise missiles, six Iskander-M ballistic missiles, three Kh-47M2 Kinzhal aeroballistic missiles and ten Kh-59/Kh-69 guided missiles.

Forbes Ukraine and Ekonmichna Pravda, a project of Ukrainska Pravda, estimated that the attack would have cost Russia between $1.2 and $1.3 billion. Newsweek could not independently verify the figures and has asked the Russian Defense Ministry for comment via email.

The Institute for the Study of War, a US-based think tank, said in its latest analysis of the Ukraine conflict on Monday that Russia “probably does not have the military-industrial capacity to regularly sustain such massive attacks on a similar scale.”

A Russian missile reportedly hit the dam of the Kyiv hydroelectric power station on Monday, sparking fears of possible flooding.

Yaroslav Trofimov, chief foreign affairs correspondent at The Wall Street Journal, X (formerly Twitter) said Russia had attacked the dam “and a missile hit it.”

“If the dam breaks, millions of people downstream could die,” Trofimov wrote, sharing footage that appears to show the aftermath of the dam break.

The Kyiv Hydroelectric Power Station, operated by the Ukrainian state-owned hydroelectric company Ukrhydroenergo, is located on the Dnieper River in Kyiv Oblast, north of the Ukrainian capital. It is crucial for stabilizing the water level in the Kyiv Reservoir.

The ISW said geolocated footage released on Monday showed the aftermath of a likely Russian missile attack on the dam, “although Kyiv Oblast head Ruslan Kravchenko noted that the attack on the dam did not cause significant damage to the Kyiv hydroelectric power plant’s infrastructure.”

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